Genava55

Something interesting

Sorry for my tone but I didn't like the way you replied to my message. I simply shared the playlist from EB soundtracks and some of them are really interesting from a historical pov. Mostly the same, only a few changes between the two versions.

Learn more about EB2 then. Some of the music was made by Morgan Casey, Nick Wylie, Musica Romana, Prehistoric Music Ireland and The Persian Cataphract.

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02SH6hp9hyRm79oEDnvMMXMm6yVt7ZcGQtL9DYchhirfvNYmcfCbVKq3dVynyN7uiBl&id=100028835929955

Ton message n'est pas plus intelligent. D'abord tu as fait une remarque péjorative inappropriée, ensuite tu le provoques avec le ton que tu emploies et les accusations que tu lui portes.

Reference for mirror art: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/H_1924-0109-1 https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/H_1873-1011-1 https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/H_1971-0401-1 https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/H_1979-1002-1

Xenophon, "Constitution of the Lacedaimonians" 12: Seeing that the angles of a square are useless, he introduced the circular form of camp, except where there was a secure hill or wall, or a river afforded protection in the rear. [2] He caused sentries to be posted by day facing inwards along the place where the arms were kept, for the object of these is to keep an eye not on the enemy but on their friends. The enemy is watched by cavalry from positions that command the widest outlook. [3] To meet the case of a hostile approach at night, he assigned the duty of acting as sentries outside the lines to the Sciritae. In these days the duty is shared by foreigners, if any happen to be present in the camp. [4] The rule that patrols invariably carry their spears, has the same purpose, undoubtedly, as the exclusion of slaves from the place of arms. Nor is it surprising that sentries who withdraw for necessary purposes only go so far away from one another and from the arms as not to cause inconvenience. Safety is the first object of this rule also. [5] Thucydides, "History of the Peloponnesian War" 5.71: Before they had actually closed a thought occurred to Agis. All armies, when engaging, are apt to thrust outwards their right wing; and either of the opposing forces tends to outflank his enemy's left with his to outflank his enemy's left with his own right, because every soldier individually fears for his exposed side, which he tries to cover with the shield of his comrade on the right, conceiving that the closer he draws in the better he will be protected. The first man in the front rank of the right wing is originally responsible for the deflection, for he always wants to withdraw from the enemy his own exposed side, and the rest of the army, from a like fear, follow his example. In this battle the line of the Mantineans, who were on the Argive right wing, extended far beyond the Sciritae: [2] and still further, in proportion as the army to which they belonged was the larger, did the Lacedaemonians and Tegeans on the Lacedaemonian right wing extend beyond the Athenian left. [3] Agis was afraid that the Lacedaemonian left wing would be surrounded, and, thinking that the Mantineans outflanked them too far, he signalled to the Sciritae and the old soldiers of Brasidas to make a lateral movement away from his own division of the army, and so cover the line of the Mantineans: to fill up the space thus left vacant he ordered Hipponoidas and Aristocles, two of the polemarchs, to bring up their two divisions from the right wing, thinking that he would still have more troops than he wanted there, and that he would thus strengthen that part of his line which was opposed to the Mantineans. @AIEND During the battle of Mantinea (418 BC), it seems the Sciritae were fighting as a battle line. Thus, as infantrymen.

@LordGood Well done.

https://www.laopiniondemalaga.es/sociedad/2022/11/14/mano-irulegi-hallan-texto-antiguo-78547146.html Mano de Irulegi: hallan el texto más antiguo en lengua vascónica, precursora del euskera La inscripción, una pieza de bronce, data del siglo I a.C. y confirma la alfabetización de los antiguos vascones, con un sistema gráfico propio derivado de una variante del signario paleohispánico

English translation Tacitus, Germania, 39: The Semnones give themselves out to be the most ancient and renowned branch of the Suevi. Their antiquity is strongly attested by their religion. At a stated period, all the tribes of the same race assemble by their representatives in a grove consecrated by the auguries of their forefathers, and by immemorial associations of terror. Here, having publicly slaughtered a human victim, they celebrate the horrible beginning of their barbarous rite. Reverence also in other ways is paid to the grove. No one enters it except bound with a chain, as an inferior acknowledging the might of the local divinity. If he chance to fall, it is not lawful for him to be lifted up, or to rise to his feet; he must crawl out along the ground. All this superstition implies the belief that from this spot the nation took its origin, that here dwells the supreme and all-ruling deity, to whom all else is subject and obedient. The fortunate lot of the Semnones strengthens this belief; a hundred cantons are in their occupation, and the vastness of their community makes them regard themselves as the head of the Suevic race. Tacitus, Annals, 60: This language roused not only the Cherusci but the neighbouring tribes and drew to their side Inguiomerus, the uncle of Arminius, who had long been respected by the Romans. This increased Cæsar's alarm. That the war might not burst in all its fury on one point, he sent Cæcina through the Bructeri to the river Amisia with forty Roman cohorts to distract the enemy, while the cavalry was led by its commander Pedo by the territories of the Frisii. Germanicus himself put four legions on shipboard and conveyed them through the lakes, and the infantry, cavalry, and fleet met simultaneously at the river already mentioned. The Chauci, on promising aid, were associated with us in military fellowship. Lucius Stertinius was despatched by Germanicus with a flying column and routed the Bructeri as they were burning their possessions, and amid the carnage and plunder, found the eagle of the nineteenth legion which had been lost with Varus. The troops were then marched to the furthest frontier of the Bructeri, and all the country between the rivers Amisia and Luppia was ravaged, not far from the forest of Teutoburgium, where the remains of Varus and his legions were said to lie unburied. Tacitus, Annals, 61: Germanicus upon this was seized with an eager longing to pay the last honour to those soldiers and their general, while the whole army present was moved to compassion by the thought of their kinsfolk and friends, and, indeed, of the calamities of wars and the lot of mankind. Having sent on Cæcina in advance to reconnoitre the obscure forest-passes, and to raise bridges and causeways over watery swamps and treacherous plains, they visited the mournful scenes, with their horrible sights and associations. Varus's first camp with its wide circumference and the measurements of its central space clearly indicated the handiwork of three legions. Further on, the partially fallen rampart and the shallow fosse suggested the inference that it was a shattered remnant of the army which had there taken up a position. In the centre of the field were the whitening bones of men, as they had fled, or stood their ground, strewn everywhere or piled in heaps. Near, lay fragments of weapons and limbs of horses, and also human heads, prominently nailed to trunks of trees. In the adjacent groves were the barbarous altars, on which they had immolated tribunes and first-rank centurions. Some survivors of the disaster who had escaped from the battle or from captivity, described how this was the spot where the officers fell, how yonder the eagles were captured, where Varus was pierced by his first wound, where too by the stroke of his own ill-starred hand he found for himself death. They pointed out too the raised ground from which Arminius had harangued his army, the number of gibbets for the captives, the pits for the living, and how in his exultation he insulted the standards and eagles. Tacitus, Annals, 62: And so the Roman army now on the spot, six years after the disaster, in grief and anger, began to bury the bones of the three legions, not a soldier knowing whether he was interring the relics of a relative or a stranger, but looking on all as kinsfolk and of their own blood, while their wrath rose higher than ever against the foe. In raising the barrow Cæsar laid the first sod, rendering thus a most welcome honour to the dead, and sharing also in the sorrow of those present. This Tiberius did not approve, either interpreting unfavourably every act of Germanicus, or because he thought that the spectacle of the slain and unburied made the army slow to fight and more afraid of the enemy, and that a general invested with the augurate and its very ancient ceremonies ought not to have polluted himself with funeral rites. Spanish translation Tácito, Germania, 39: Los semnones dicen que son ellos los más antiguos y más nobles de los suevos, y confírmase la fe de su antigüedad con una ceremonia religiosa. En cierto tiempo del año se juntan todos los pueblos de aquella nación por sus embajadores en un bosque consagrado de sus antepasados con supersticiones y agüeros, y, matando públicamente un hombre, celebran los horribles principios de su bárbaro rito. Reverencian asimismo este bosque sagrado con otra ceremonia. Que ninguno entra en él sino atado como inferior, y mostrando y confesando en eso la potestad de Dios. Y si acaso cae, no le es lícito levantarse, y se ha de ir revolcando por el suelo. Y toda esta superstición se endereza a mostrar que allí ha tenido origen su gente; que Dios, señor de todos, habita allí, y que todas las demás cosas están sujetas y obedientes. Añade autoridad a esto la multitud de los semnones, porque habitan cien ciudades, y por su grandeza se tienen por cabeza de los suevos. Tácito, Anales, 60: Movieron estas palabras no sólo a los queruscos, pero las naciones vecinas; con que inducido a seguir su partido Inguiomaro, tío paterno de Arminio, de antigua autoridad y crédito con los romanos, pusieron al César en mayor cuidado; y así, temiendo que no le cargase encima todo el peso de la guerra, para divertir al enemigo envió a Cecina con cuarenta cohortes romanas al río Amisia, por las tierras de los brúcteros. Pedón, prefecto del campo, llevó la gente de a caballo por los confines de Frisa; él, haciendo embarcar cuatro legiones, las pasó por el lago, conque se vinieron a recoger junto a las riberas de aquel río, la infantería, caballería y armada. Los caucios, que ofrecían ayuda a los romanos, fueron recibidos en su compañía, y los brúcteros, que quemaban sus propias tierras, rotos por Lucio Estertinio, a quien Germánico envió contra ellos con gente suelta; el cual, entre la matanza y la presa, halló el águila de la legión diez y nueve, perdida con Varo. Pasó después el ejército a las últimas partes de los brúcteros habiéndose quemado el país que cierran los ríos Amisia y Lippa, no lejos del bosque de Teutobergue, donde decían hallarse todavía sin sepultura los huesos de las legiones de Varo. Tácito, Anales, 61: De aquí le vino deseo al César de hacer las funeralias a los capitanes y soldados muertos allí, movido a compasión todo el ejército, por la memoria de sus parientes y amigos, del caso mismo de la guerra y fortuna de los hombres. Fue enviado delante Cecina a reconocer la espesura de las selvas, hacer puentes y calzadas en los lugares pantanosos y atolladeros; marchan, pues, por aquellos lugares tristes y dolorosos, horribles a la vista y la memoria. Veíanse los primeros alojamientos de Varo, de gran circuito, y medidos los principios, mostraban ser de tres legiones; las trincheras después, medio arruinadas y el foso poco hondo, daban indicio de haberse retirado allí las reliquias del ejército. Veíanse por la campaña los huesos blanqueando, esparcidos o juntos, según habían huido o hecho rostro; pedazos de armas, huesos de caballos, cabezas de hombres ensartadas en los troncos, y en las selvas vecinas estaban los bárbaros altares sobre los cuales habían sido muertos los tribunos y los centuriones del primer orden. Algunos que se habían hallado en la rota, escapados de la refriega o prisión, decían: Aquí cayeron muertos los legados; allí tomaron los enemigos las águilas; acullá recibió Varo la primera herida, y allí, con su infelice mano, se atravesó el pecho; en qué tribunal hizo su parlamento Arminio; cuántas horcas mandó hacer para los cautivos; cuántas sepulturas; cómo y con cuánta soberbia hizo escarnio y burla de las banderas y de las águilas. Tácito, Anales, 62: Así el romano ejército, seis años después de aquel estrago, recogió los huesos de las tres legiones, sin poder discernir si eran de los extraños o de los suyos, cubriéndolos a todos con tierra, como si fueran de amigos o parientes, y aumentando con este acto el enojo y furor contra el enemigo. Al fabricar el túmulo, puso el César el primer césped, gratísimo para con los difuntos y compañero de los presentes en el dolor. No aprobó este hecho Tiberio, o porque daba siempre malos sentidos a las acciones de Germánico, o porque pensase que el ejército, con la vista de sus compañeros muertos y sin sepultura, se haría más lento para llegar a las manos y tendría más temor al enemigo. Fuera de que a un general ornado con el oficio de augur y de las más antiguas ceremonias divinas no le estaba bien hallarse en mortuorios.

The Semnonenhain is a good candidate but I don't know how to depict a grove properly. Is it possible to adapt the structure with the biome? Like calling an entity dynamically for the structure.

Nope. The special places of the Germans, like sanctuaries, gathering place, assemblies/senates were open-field and delimited with simple structures. One of the best preserved village is Feddersen Wierde but the biggest structure there is simply a longhaus.

It is lamellar and probably leather. It fits the description of the word "lorica" by Varro: "Lorica 'corselet', because they made chest-protectors from lora 'thongs' of rawhide" If the dedicant is possibly a Celt, it is written in Umbrian and the conception is Etruscan. Celtic individuals have married Etruscans, it is clear that Celtic people lived among Etruscans, Latins, Umbrians and Samnites during the 5th and 4th century BC.

By the way, maybe the use of metallic scales is not proven but this armor could be used for a hero like Brennus or Viridomarus. This is plausible that a Celt in Italy could have such.

Indeed, those on the right belong to a type only known to be made of iron. Those on the left, currently in iron, existed in iron and in an assembly of iron and bronze (Novo Mesto). Anyway it is not the biggest issue, but I should have mentioned it as a minor point as well. Thanks a lot.

I think the implementation was made by @wackyserious but I am not sure. I understand the idea but I think it is more confusing than helpful by bringing diversity. Your idea is a bit better but it would require a bit of coding. The fanatic is also exclusive to the Gauls, so it is also important to not make the two factions more confusing.

British iron age mirrors

Pictish symbols

Current models in game, released alpha 26. I will give some simple suggestion to enhance the recognition of the units. The basic slinger, both for the Gauls and the Britons, should have a tunic because it is impossible to see the player color currently. The idea to have units becoming entirely naked with increasing experience is confusing for the players. It is problematic for the Gallic elite slinge, the Britonnic elite slinger, the Britonnic elite javelineer and the Britonnic elite cavalry javelineer. The design of the units should be simple and pure. Too much details and colors on low resolution texture is simply unreadable and unpleasant. Some torso are too complex and it is difficult to figure out what is what. There should be coherent guidelines for visual changes related to experience, at least within a faction (not necessarily across factions). Let's make something simple for both factions: Elite = helmets. Even for slingers. At least it is visually catchy. For Gauls, I suggest to have cloak for all advanced version. For Gauls, the cavalry javelineer should have the same shields than the infantry javelineers. For Britons, I suggest a tattooed torso for the advanced versions, alongside pants. For Britons, the elite version of close-combat units should have a chain mail and the elite version of ranged units should have cloak + tattooed torso. All this in addition to the helmets. For Britons, the basic spearman should use the same shield shapes than the advanced spearman. Side notes: Why is there so much diversity in "bronze" for Celtic factions and not the others? I find that it weighs down the visual to have so many different shades of bronze within the same faction. The dark bronze shade is also quite ugly. Finally, the Gallic elite spearman has been forgotten for the scabbard placement change:

Coal and charcoal are not the same thing. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomery

I think the biggest issue is that the naval gameplay should be accessible to most factions while there is a huge gap from a historical pov. Some groups to distinguish the size: Coracles, logboats, river boats etc. were basically used for trading and transportation, generally it was driven by 4 men and at the maximum it could hold 10. Eikosoroi were typical merchant ships with ~20 oarsmen and better at sailing. In some case they were used to military transport and to fight with archers aboard. The triakonters and pentekonters were the most versatile and polyvalent ship dedicated to war of ancient Greece, rowed by 30 and 50 oarsmen respectively (hence the name). They had no deck and were the most common warships, even used by pirates and merchants. Hekatonters/dikrotoi/biremes were larger ships, with between 100 to 120 oarsmen, already used by Greeks and Phoenicians since the 8th century BC. It had two banks of oarsmen. Assyrian and Phoenician ships had a higher desk in addition. Triremes, quadriremes, quinqueremes,..., and deceres were bigger and bigger versions of the biremes, with more oarsmen and more banks. A Roman quinquereme is basically 420 men, 300 of whom were rowers on 5 banks. Some of them could have siege engines. Civ accessing up to level 5 like ships => Romans, Carthaginians, Athenians, Spartans, Persians, Macedonians, Seleucids, Ptolemies. Civ accessing up to level 4 like ships => Han dynasty? Civ accessing up to level 3 like ships => Maurya, Han dynasty? Civ accessing up to level 2 like ships => Gauls, Iberians?, Britons? Civ accessing up to level 1 like ships => Iberians?, Britons? Any future nomad factions.