Genava55

The 100 columns hall of Persepolis is indeed quite impressive Some pictures and 3D: http://www.the-persians.co.uk/photo_albums/album4_persepolis_reconstruction.htm http://www.persepolis3d.com/frameset.html 3D visit tour:

The Lombards: The Ancient Longobards - Neil Christie The Lombards, also known as the Longobards, were a Germanic tribe whose fabled origins lay in the barbarian realm of Scandinavia. After centuries of obscurity during the long period of Roman domination in Europe, the Lombards began a concerted migration south-eastwards, coming to prominence immediately after the fall of Rome. Pushing across the Danube to occupy Hungary, the tribe emerged as a powerful protagonist in the former heartland of the Empire in the early sixth century AD. The Lombards subsequently invaded Italy in AD 568-569, where they successfully countered the Byzantines and established a kingdom based on the fertile north Italian plains. This endured for more than two centuries before its conquest by Charlemagne, and even after this defeat, a Lombard state continued to exist in southern Italy until the eleventh century. In this book, the author combines many sources, archaeological and historical, to offer a fresh and vividly detailed picture of Lombard society - its people, settlements, material and spiritual culture - and its evolution from martial 'barbarian' tribe to complex urbanized state. The Alamanni and Rome 213-496 - John F. Drinkwater The Alamanni and Rome focuses upon the end of the Roman Empire. From the third century AD, barbarians attacked and then overran the west. Some--Goths, Franks, Saxons--are well known, others less so. The latter include the Alamanni, despite the fact that their name is found in the French (''Allemagne'') and Spanish (''Alemania'') for ''Germany.'' This pioneering study, the first in English, uses new historical and archaeological findings to reconstruct the origins of the Alamanni, their settlements, their politics, and their society, and to establish the nature of their relationship with Rome. John Drinkwater discovers the cause of their modern elusiveness in their high level of dependence on the Empire. Far from being dangerous invaders, they were often the prey of emperors intent on acquiring military reputations. When much of the western Empire fell to the Franks, so did the Alamanni, without ever having produced their own ''successor kingdom.'' Edit: Варвары. Древние германцы: быт, религия, культура Малькольм ТоддВарвары. Древние германцы. Быт, религия, культура Everyday Life of the Barbarians: Goths, Franks, & Vandals От издателяАвтор этой книги попытался реконструировать социальную структуру и каждодневную жизнь варваров на основе обобщающих выводов археологов, наблюдений искусствоведов и лингвистов. Рассматривается промежуток времени от II в. до н.э., когда цивилизованные народы впервые обратили внимание на варваров, до периода Великого Переселения народов IV-VI веков н.э. Everyday Life of the Barbarians: Goths, Franks and Vandals With drawings by Eva Wilson. The "Barbarians" of the classical world - especially the Goths, Franks and Vandals - have been traditionally dismissed as savage hordes who sacked Rome and destroyed her Empire. It is only the discoveries of modern archaeology that have established a true picture of these versatile Germanic tribes who originally inhabited north-west Europe beyond the frontiers of the Roman Empire and who later penetrated every corner of Europe. Like the Celts, these tribes excelled in the arts of war - but warfare was far from being the whole of their life. They delighted in feasting, music, dancing and gaming. The tribes were organised in a rigorous social hierarchy and they practised a remarkably advanced system of agriculture. Their houses and furniture were simple but they took a particular pride in personal decoration: the surviving artifacts - especially ornamental metalwork - show a magnificent tradition of craftsmanship. Trade contacts, too, reveal a lively commerce with the Roman provinces and with their nomadic neighbours. This vivid and rounded portrait of the daily life of Rome's northern neighbours is a fascinating addition to the Publishers' Everyday Life series and a valuable complementary study to the volume on "Ancient Rome". Malcolm Todd, who is Lecturer in Archaeology at the University of Nottingham, has made use of his own research, and the illustrations - almost 100 in all - include a great deal of unfamiliar material. The Early Germans by Malcolm Todd The growing number of volumes in the "Peoples of Europe" series are generally quite useful to students of early medieval history; at less than 300 pages, they do well as surveys. This one, unfortunately, is one of the less readable efforts. Todd is interested in the Germanic tribes and their migrations from the early Roman Empire up to about 700 A.D., but he wanders from a chronological coverage of all the multitude of Germanic peoples (who never thought of themselves as "Germans" in the first place), to a topical one (chapters on economy and agriculture, social institutions, burial practices, trade and diplomacy, art and technology, etc), to a geographical survey divided into sections on Goths, Vandals, Franks, Burgundians, Gepids, Lombards, and (oddly) Scandinavians. It's a confusing book to read, with various groups appearing (naturally) in each other's chapters. Todd also mentions in passing specialized information or rival interpretations of the sources that he apparently assumes everyone knows -- which is a bad assumption in a survey of this kind. While there's useful stuff here, I would not suggest this as a first resource for someone new to the field. Instead, I would recommend the separate books in this series by James on the Franks, Heather on the Goths, and Christie on the Lombards -- and Heather's latest, _The Fall of the Roman Empire_ (2006), over all of them. Goths in the Fourth Century This volume brings together many important historical texts, the majority of them (speeches of Themistius, the Passion of St Saba, and evidence relating to the life and work of Ulfila) not previously available in English translation. "...a compact and exciting do-it-yourself kit for the student of Gothic history... outstanding."—Bryn Mawr Classical Review

The time frame involved is basically from Ariovistus (58 BC) to Hermeric (441 AD) ? Focusing on the Suebian tribes ?

It relies on the same principles than other rock/paper/scissors RTS... Borg's mod is not revolutionary on its foundations. I approve, this is a great idea

For a generic civic center, the idea to use the comitium of Paestum is a good one. This is the thing having the more sense, because this comitium is itself "generic".

Seleucids during the reign of Antiochus III relied on the Phoenician navy, so indeed this is not exactly the same situation than the other Greeks and Hellenes building their own ships and less dependent to one region.

Thx lion ;-) Edit: it is surprising that I didn't hear anything about this game before x)

Nothing related to Total War but I do not want to open a new thread for this:

https://ulasnews.com/2019/05/23/unique-iron-age-shield-found-by-leicester-archaeologists/?fbclid=IwAR2YY3wSuYPhsS1v4ptpnzdJPfO5ppv3udSkGr6o2eZ66MRVmUKrt5YbAfg Bark shield and woven shield boss ;-) Edit: In French: https://www.geo.fr/histoire/en-angleterre-des-archeologues-decouvrent-le-premier-bouclier-de-lage-du-fer-fabrique-avec-de-lecorce-195815

Not yet. I didn't have installed Tortoise SVN but I will do it soon anyway.

I think you are correct. There are some reenactment of Roman blacksmith but there use also different hammers. I don't see exactly the same.

Small correction, a type of helmets depicted on Gallic coin are actually Greek coins from Massalia copied by the Gauls. I edited this :https://wildfiregames.com/forum/index.php?/topic/25184-task-current-issues-with-celtic-units-and-guideline-for-the-next/&do=findComment&comment=369025 About the roster: These ones are the concerned coins:

It is a bit too much modern, a bit too bulky, but this kind of hammerhead were in use during the Roman Imperial Era:

This is a common problem in the channel, most of their map are sh*t. When they talked about the skirmish around Geneva between Caesar and the Helvetii, they put the position of the oppidum at the other side of the Rhone and the bridge got misplaced after the conjunction with the Arve river... This is so f*cked up. Moreover, they used the map from Rome 2 TW as a reference for the position of the Gallic tribes... so naive. Furthermore, they are popularizing the myth that the Marian reforms existed as something written in the stone. Kings and Generals is of mediocre quality for the accuracy but some times in a few topics they give interesting information. This is only an introduction and clearly we should fact check their videos. I think they have an excessive productivity and are too much focused on releasing videos than verifying their sources. I saw they mostly worked with Osprey titles... which are really problematic on some topics. It seems they have a general problem with geography and for them "Africa" is only below Egypt I noticed too that they skipped the other part of North Africa.

Probably they wanted to represent Celtic mercenaries in Africa, but zebra are not in North Africa, even during the Ancient Egypt. Same problem for giraff's pelts. And gosh, the bronze age helmet in iron Moreover all the belts are wrong, all the scabbards etc.

Interesting artistic ideas but for the Celtic part that I know the most, this is awfully wrong

So let the women built the homes where they will spend the rest of their lives (joke)

You can garrison the citizen in the house to unblock him.

Agrianes have been confused by ancient authors as Thracians, so maybe some thracian cape for the basic version could be useful. Moreover, Agrianes are Paeonians, and it seems that Paeonians used some illyrian helmets according to their coins: https://www.cgbfr.com/peonie-royaume-de-peonie-patraos-tetradrachme-sup-ttb-,bgr_469398,a.html So why not a mixture of pilos, thracian and illyrian helmets for the elite version?

There are also a statue of Marsyas the satyr/silenus close to the subsellium and Columna Maenia, a statue of Publius Horatius Cocles and a Vulcanal (shrine of Vulcan) both close to the Lapis Niger. Bonus:

Basically, you already have understand the main points. To sum it up, the Rome's Comitium was rectangular until around 300 BC when it got circular stands/bleachers. Sadly, the stratigraphical record is difficult to interpret and the Comitium has been destroyed and rebuilt by Sylla in the 1st century BC. So the historians rely on the changes occurring in the Roman colonies to get hints about the date of its changes. Circular Comitium in colonized cities give a range of possible dates for the adoption of this architectural characteristic, like Cosa (273 BC), Paestum (273 BC), Alba Fucens (303 BC) and Fregellae (328 BC although debated). The author of the linked chapter suggests a narrow range by including the moment when Pythagorean ideas reach Rome and the tribes reforms by Appius Claudius in 312 BC. The two pictures you choose are the Comitium of Cosa and of Paestum. Here, from another publications, the Comitium from Alba Fucens and Fregellae. However, the historical representations of the second century BC Comitium in Rome, is a bit simpler: The Rome's Comitium is associated with the Graecostasis, Columna Maenia, Rostra Vetera and the lapis niger. Statues of Pythagore and Alcibiade are also mentioned.