Genava55

at the first page

Agis III at the battle of Megalopolis: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015008158407&view=1up&seq=21 "Strabo (XV, 724) gives the treaty between Seleucus and Chandragupta, in which Seleucus ceded certain provinces and gave the Indian a daughter or niece, receiving in return 500 elephants." https://www.jstor.org/stable/626263 that's the motivation for the bonus

The other solution is that training Leonidas bring immediately another king (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leotychidas_II), the same with Agis III (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleomenes_II). While Brasidas (not being a king but a general) wouldn't bring a new one. The other king could have a generic model. Or, the two kings system could be simply a bonus if the hero dies the player got a large discount for the next one.

"always flanked by" I am not sure of. But yeah athletes were considered for the royal guard.

Good idea. That would be unique. Olympic champion? Not sure if it is a proper name.

Tattoo concept from an artist:

A better version in pdf New_light_on_Iron_Age_warfare_in_Britain_ocr.pdf

Except that the Assyrians weren't mentioned at Marathon.

From an old thread: Edit: I add this section from a book, dedicated to the military of the Achaemenid empire: Achaemenid_military.pdf

Two articles about the role of women: https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/women-i https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1492/women-in-ancient-persia/ A few pages from The Armies of Ancient Persia: The Sassanians by Kaveh Farrokh:

There is a conference book on the topic: https://brill.com/view/title/14220 You can get most of the chapters/articles through google scholars for free: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=The+World+of+the+Khazars&btnG=

from the osprey, I think it is the Zhan xian or Dou xian mentioned at the page 15, based on "Wu Jing Zong Yao" document made around 1044 you already mentioned before Yeah obviously we need to be careful with Osprey. I know that those books can be really bad depending the topic.

Here the text in the osprey:

Better pictures and with the description text

In English, I suggest those articles: Dating Caral, a Preceramic Site in the Supe Valley on the Central Coast of Peru Radiocarbon dates from the site of Caral in the Supe Valley of Peru indicate that monumental corporate architecture, urban settlement, and irrigation agriculture began in the Americas by 4090 years before the present (2627 calibrated years B.C.) to 3640 years before the present (1977 calibrated years B.C.). Caral is located 23 kilometers inland from the Pacific coast and contains a central zone of monumental, residential, and nonresidential architecture covering an area of 65 hectares. Caral is one of 18 large preceramic sites in the Supe Valley. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12010372_Dating_Caral_a_Preceramic_Site_in_the_Supe_Valley_on_the_Central_Coast_of_Peru The Evolution of Social Institutions in the Central Andes The chapter traces the evolution of complex socio-political institutions in the Andes from their appearance in the north coast of Peru at the end of the 4th millennium BCE to the sprawling Inca Empire of the fifteenth century CE. For each period, the author describes the kinds of social institutions that developed among the varied societies of this vast region. The evolutionary process centers on monumental architecture requiring coordinated labor. After two millennia of complex social development, state societies emerged by coopting trade networks and barter fairs. The states focused on the control of roads and strategic colonies throughout their region. An elite style of architecture and statecraft was based on earlier, nonstate political, and economic institutions. These grew slowly and lasted for at least a half a millennium. State collapse was followed by political and social realignments, the context for the rapid growth of the Inca Empire in the fifteenth century. Unlike the first states, the Inca Empire was characterized by contiguous provinces and an imperial bureaucracy that administered dozens of distinct ethnic groups and provinces. The earlier relationships between trade, production, and distribution were coopted by the Inca into a grand imperial strategy of population concentration and the creation of industrial enclaves. The rapid rise of the Inca was followed by its relatively quick political collapse at the hands of European invaders. https://docdro.id/EpB1Td1 And this thesis: Caral and the rise to civilization in the Norte Chico Peru The site of Caral, Peru has undergone much archaeological excavations under the direction of Dr. Ruth Shady over the course of the years following 1994. Caral has been radiocarbon dated to over five thousand years ago. It has been proposed by some scholars, Dr. Shady included, that the site of Caral and the surrounding sites in the Supe Valley represent a state level society. However, there is a general consensus in the literature holding that Caral does not represent a highly stratified society such as a state. In order to gain a better understanding of what Caral really represents, this thesis compares Caral to two known state level societies, the Moche and Tiwanaku states. The comparison is based on a number of key factors seen in state levels societies namely, site size and distribution, monumental architecture, craft specialization, iconography and burial stratification. https://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/66572

From Quansheng et al.: Recent advances on reconstruction of climate and extreme events in China for the past 2000 years

That's the dataset from Zhu Kezhen, probably made around the 1970s. He was a brillant scientist but at this time the methods in palaeoclimatology were limited. This curve mostly follows the dataset from Camp Century ice core in Greenland. So I would not say it is accurate.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/ancient-mesoamerica/article/abs/lowland-maya-protoclassic/5335DC5DED61C9C3E634731A9FAF9995 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00934690.2018.1438690 http://www.caracol.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/ACDC2018.pdf From a 2016 book, titled "The Origins of Maya States":

Hackers are targeting everything. There are some groups specialized in massive attacks against specific targets but most hackers are alone and independant, looking for easy targets to keep them busy, to learn new tricks and to earn a bit of fame. Sadly, security is mandatory everywhere and people thinking otherwise are naive.

Really? Honestly, do you really find it broken? Because I am quite surprised, the game still managed to be playable with such population and movements.

A nice reenactment of a 1st century BC legionary with a real bronze helmet Blog post from Res-Bellica about the Montefortino helmet: https://www.res-bellica.com/en/montefortino-type-helmets-a-chronology/

The principal ores used in the Roman iron industry were iron oxides (haematite, goethite, limonite, magnetite), carbonates (siderite) and, less commonly, weathered hydrated silicates and sulphides ores might be used [44]. The ore was broken up, then roasted to remove water and carbon dioxide and to increase permeability. The particle size produced would be somewhere between 5 and 20 mm in diameter. This preparation was often carried out near the ore source [45], although the furnaces were not necessarily in the same location. Roasted ore is found at smelting sites but the roasting sites themselves may be more difficult to identify. During the smelting process, the fragmented ore was reduced and metallic iron formed, sometimes forming as a skin on the surface of the ore particles, [46] and agglomerated in the hottest part of the furnace near the tuyères. At a temperature between 1100°C and 1300°C, molten slag was produced from the gangue, (mainly silica, lime, and alumina) which drained to the bottom of the furnace with unreduced iron oxide. It was removed either by tapping, while liquid, or as a solid block when the furnace cooled, depending on the design of the furnace. - Roman iron and steel: A review. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 32(7-8), 857–866.

Hi. Welcome here. The idea of a limited pause has already been suggested in the past: I don't know if anything has been done in this regard.

We talked a bit about this there: Also debated there: And it is also related to this decision: https://code.wildfiregames.com/D2815