greycat

"It has been supposed that the Celts who spoke the Celtic form of Aryan were the first of the Aryans to arrive in Europe, and that the Gaels- were the first of the Celts who made their way into the British Isles. The Celts, we are told^ found an aboriginal non-Aryan race in Europe, now represented by the Basques, and dispossessed them. This early occupation of middle and western Europe by the Celts was believed ta account for the Celtic names observed in many parts of the continent, and for the wide refer- ences to the Celts in some of the classical authors. By and by other hordes of Greeks, Latins, Teutons, and Slavs arrived, and, pressing on the Celts, dis- possessed them in turn, forcing them back into the remote peninsulas and islands of the western ocean. Thus it appeared that nearly all the- present inhabitants of Europe were of the same stock originally, and not they alone but some of the Asiatic nations. On the strength of this hypothesis it has been declared that " Celt " and "Saxon," Roman and Greek, not to mention Persian and Hindoo, are brothers of one race. Such is the Celt of philology." source: The British race (1909) : http://www.archive.org/stream/britishrace00munruoft/britishrace00munruoft_djvu.txt http://ia600204.us.archive.org/0/items/britishrace00munruoft/britishrace00munruoft.pdf

We have found some evidence of Celts in southern Britain. We have not found cities nor evidence of of a large Celtic presence. Nor have we found evidence of Celtic princes there. The druids... the last remaining of the followers of the Celtic religion were killed 5th century during the time of St. Patrick, the "driving the snakes" out of Ireland. We have only found evidence of them using Stonehenge for roughly 200 years. Stonehenge predates the Celtic civilization (c. 2000 BC). sacred sites where often reused, like churches have been through the ages. This is why every religion claims them as there own, and wars ensue over them.

Yes. but they were not nations. Modern people are too attached to national identity i.m.o.

...But surely modern archeological evidence trumps a hypotheses?

We have to be in the correct time period though...notice underlined text when reading. My source are from a museum in Germany. b Caesar, de Bello Gallico, lib. vi. c. 17. The Germans derived their origin from Tuisto, apparently the same being as the Celtic Dis or Tis. Tacitus, de Mor Germanorum source:The Scotish Gaël http://books.google.com/books?id=n0MDAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false The Rhine issues from the Celtic Alps, a little outside of Rhaetia, and proceeding westward, bounds Gaul and its inhabitants on the left, and the Germans on the right, and finally empties into the ocean. This river has always down to the present time been considered the boundary, ever since these tribes gained their different names; for very anciently both peoples dwelling on either side of the river were called Celts. Source: Roman History, 39: http://lexundria.com/dio/39/cy The original Celtic homeland was an area of Austria, near southern Germany. From here they expanded over much of continental Europe and Britain. From the 3rd century BC large, town-like settlements were established, known as “oppida”. Gaius Julius Caesar came into contact with them during the Gallic War from 58 to 51/50 BC. During the Roman expansion in the 1st century BC, the typical Celtic remains and finds gradually disappeared; the population here gradually adapted to the customs of the new rulers. In the southeast of the British Isles a few objects in the style of the continental Celts are to be found, but since even ancient authors did not describe the Britons as Celts, their inclusion among them is very questionable. source: Keltenwelt am Glauberg | Museum http://www.keltenwelt-glauberg.de/en/research-centre/the-glauberg/

I feel you may be creating false divisions of the Celtic world. Pay attention to underlined text. My source is from a museum in Germany. b Caesar, de Bello Gallico, lib. vi. c. 17. The Germans derived their origin from Tuisto, apparently the same being as the Celtic Dis or Tis. Tacitus, de Mor Germanorum source:The Scotish Gaël http://books.google.com/books?id=n0MDAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false The Rhine issues from the Celtic Alps, a little outside of Rhaetia, and proceeding westward, bounds Gaul and its inhabitants on the left, and the Germans on the right, and finally empties into the ocean. This river has always down to the present time been considered the boundary, ever since these tribes gained their different names; for very anciently both peoples dwelling on either side of the river were called Celts. Source: Roman History, 39: http://lexundria.com/dio/39/cy The original Celtic homeland was an area of Austria, near southern Germany. From here they expanded over much of continental Europe and Britain. From the 3rd century BC large, town-like settlements were established, known as “oppida”. Gaius Julius Caesar came into contact with them during the Gallic War from 58 to 51/50 BC. During the Roman expansion in the 1st century BC, the typical Celtic remains and finds gradually disappeared; the population here gradually adapted to the customs of the new rulers. In the southeast of the British Isles a few objects in the style of the continental Celts are to be found, but since even ancient authors did not describe the Britons as Celts, their inclusion among them is very questionable. source: Keltenwelt am Glauberg | Museum http://www.keltenwelt-glauberg.de/en/research-centre/the-glauberg/

ok.I see.

I noticed on the maps seeing the term Celt and Gaul. Why are we using a combination of what the Celts called themselves and what the Roman called them? "who in their own language are called Celts, in ours Gauls" Julius Caesar source: http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Etruria_the_Etruscans_2a.htm

Thought this part interesting... Tacitus says that a powerful goddess called Nerthus was worshipped on the shores of the Baltic; he also mentions Isis as a goddess of the Suevic tribea. Both names evidently refer to the same divinity. On the coasts her symbol was a ship; inland, it was a wagon; in some districts she was represented with the plough. Like Donar, she presided over marriage; she also watched over the house and the fields, was the giver and protector of children, and ruled the world of the dead. At a later time she was known to the Saxons as Fria or Frigg, to the Franks as Holds, to the Bavarians as Perchta,—the first name indicating her freedom of manner, the second her kindness, the third her splendour. In the Scandinavian mythology Frigg is the wife of Odin.

Thanks for link.

http://translate.google.com/ Germani = Deutch (Translate from: Italian) Germania = Deutchland (Translate from: Italian)

Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania Germani Germania (Greek: Γερμανία) was the Greek and Roman term for the geographical regions inhabited mainly by peoples considered to be Germani. At least as early as the 2nd century BC this area was considered to be in "Gaul", and became part of the Roman empire.

If we use Roman and Greek names. Germani Greek and Roman term for the geographical regions inhabited mainly by peoples considered to be Germani. Germania At least as early as the 2nd century BC this area was considered to be in "Gaul", and became part of the Roman empire.

At the moment we seem to be using a mixture of Roman names to describe both places and people and at other times using indigenous names. i.e. Gauls=Roman name, Celts=Celtic name. "who in their own language are called Celts(,Celtae) in ours Gauls(Galli)" Julius Caesar Maybe we should make this less confusing?

I see your point... It would have to be second hand information at best. Since we wouldn't have any writings about the subject by indigenous people.

"Some people [...] think the term should refer to one's genetic heritage: if your ancestors were "Celtic", then that makes you a "Celt". But this simply begs for a further definition: how do you know your ancestors were "Celtic"? Because they came from Ireland or Scotland or Wales or one of the other countries that are thought of as "Celtic" today? All this says is that you are of Irish or Scottish or Welsh descent i.e., that some of your ancestors were born on the geographical territories bearing those names" http://www.celticheritage.co.uk/guests_AKCeltic.cfm

OK... I just learned this. Gaelic is not the same as Gallic Gaelic of or relating to the Goidelic languages, particularly the Celtic language of Scotland, and the culture associated with speakers of these languages and their descendants. Gallic or of or relating to the Gauls an area around France and surrounding areas. The Celts came from area around modern day Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Ireland was the last bastion of the Celts. http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/

Authentic tribe names in own language would be good also.

There is no German because Germani meat authentuic Celt (Strabo Greek geographer, philosopher and historian.) According to Strabo, the Romans introduced the name Germani, because the Germanic tribes were the authentic Celts (γνησίους Γαλάτας). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabo It us also backed up by modern Archeology(see link below). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glauberg It explains why Germanic tribes often had Celtic names. Dio Cassius (155-225 AD) says that the Suebi (a German tribe deeper in Germany) "dwell across the Rhine - though many cities elsewhere claim their name - " ...they were anciently called Celts." The original Celtic homeland was an area of Austria, near southern Germany. From here they expanded over much of continental Europe and Britain. http://fsos.com/celtic_history.htm

I don't see error. I think he was just making a joke about them looking too good.

Hi. "The Anglo-Saxons were the population in Britain partly descended from the Germanic tribes who migrated from continental Europe and settled the south and east of the island beginning in the early 5th century". wikipedia There were confederations or groups of tribes in the timeline .i.e. The Franks, Suebi and more nomadic groups like the The Visigoths and Ostrogoths referred to collectively as the Goths.

Historical fiction?

The Gauls emerge around the 5th century BC as the bearers of the La Tène culture north of the Alps (spread across the lands between the Seine, Middle Rhine and upper Elbe). By the 4th century BC, they spread over much of what is now France, Switzerland, Southern Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic by virtue of controlling the trade routes along the river Map of northeastern Gaul around 70 AD references: http://www.wikipedia.org/

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An overview of the Hallstatt and La Tène cultures. The core Hallstatt territory (800 BC) is shown in solid yellow, the area of influence by 500 BC (HaD) in light yellow. The core territory of the La Tène culture (450 BC) is shown in solid green, the eventual area of La Tène influence by 50 BC in light green. The territories of some major Celtic tribes are labelled. Map drawn after Atlas of the Celtic World, by John Haywood (2001: 30–37). note: The Veneti were a seafaring Celtic people who lived in the Brittany peninsula (France), which in Roman times formed part of an area called Armorica, until they were all killed or sold into slavery by the Romans. They gave their name to the modern city of Vannes. references: http://www.wikipedia.org/